WEST-E Social Studies Practice Test

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What did the work of Montesquieu influence concerning governance?

The establishment of totalitarian regimes
The implementation of democratic ideals
The promotion of conservative moral values
The analysis of autocratic governance

The correct answer is: The implementation of democratic ideals

Montesquieu's work significantly influenced the implementation of democratic ideals, particularly through his advocacy for the separation of powers within government. In his seminal book "The Spirit of the Laws," Montesquieu argued that dividing government responsibilities into distinct branches—executive, legislative, and judicial—was essential to prevent tyranny and protect individual liberties. This idea became a foundational principle for many democratic systems, especially in the formation of the U.S. Constitution. Montesquieu's emphasis on checks and balances suggested that no single entity should hold excessive power, allowing for a more representative and participatory form of governance. His ideas contributed to the development of liberal political thought, promoting the value of individual rights and the importance of a government accountable to the people. This philosophical underpinning laid the groundwork for numerous democratic movements and institutions throughout history.