WEST-E Social Studies Practice Test

What is paternalism in governance?

1. A condescending belief that a superior is "helping" someone in a subordinate position

2. A form of direct democracy

3. A principle of collective decision-making

4. A belief in complete self-sufficiency

The correct answer is: A condescending belief that a superior is "helping" someone in a subordinate position

Paternalism in governance refers to a framework where those in positions of authority adopt a protective or guiding role toward those they perceive as less capable, often justifying their decisions by claiming to act in the best interests of the subordinate group. This perspective can lead to condescending attitudes, where the superior authority believes that they are “helping” rather than empowering the subordinates. This can be seen in various contexts such as political policies, social welfare programs, and even in colonial settings, where governing bodies often justified their control over other groups by asserting that they were providing necessary guidance and protection. The other choices describe concepts that do not align with the idea of paternalism. Direct democracy implies a system where citizens have direct participation in decision-making, which contrasts with the hierarchical nature of paternalism. Collective decision-making focuses on collaboration and shared responsibility rather than a top-down approach, while the belief in complete self-sufficiency suggests independence from external guidance, countering the essence of paternalistic governance. Thus, option A captures the essence of paternalism accurately.